Dr. Yue-hin Loke et al at Children's National Hospital conducted an investigation into intraventricular hemodynamics pre-Fontan and Fontan using 4D Flow. After Fontan, it appears that there is a dependence on left ventricular-dominant morphology compared to pre-Fontan, with a reported tendency for lower normalized energy losses in the SV (single ventricle). Additionally, it has been noted that SV patients with suboptimal diastolic hemodynamics exhibit higher associated ventricular energy losses.

Yue-Hin Loke, MD Maren Brinken Jacqueline Contento, BSc Rittal Mehta Elias Balaras, PhD Ravi Vegulla, MD Francesco Capuano, PhD Yves d'Udekem, MD, PhD, "Comparison of 4D Flow Hemodynamics in the Single Ventricle Between Pre-fontan and Fontan Patients", Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Volume 26, Supplement 1, 100181 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.100181.